環(huan)境保護部今日向媒體發(fa)布了2015年(nian)12月京津冀、長三角、珠三角區域及直轄市、省會城市和計劃單列市等(deng)74個城市空氣質量狀況。

環(huan)境保護部環(huan)境監測司司長(chang)羅毅說，12月(yue)受大范(fan)圍空(kong)氣重污染過程影響，74個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)境空(kong)氣質量(liang)總體狀況同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)、環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)均(jun)轉差。74個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)PM10、PM2.5和(he)(he)(he)(he)NO2濃度同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)、環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)均(jun)有所上升，SO2濃度同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)有所下降，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)有所上升，CO超(chao)標率同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)均(jun)有所上升，O3超(chao)標率同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)持(chi)平，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)有所下降。74個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)平均(jun)達(da)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例為55.6%。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，廈(sha)門、福(fu)州、昆明、惠州、江門、海(hai)(hai)口和(he)(he)(he)(he)深圳等7個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的達(da)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例為100%，東莞、中(zhong)(zhong)山和(he)(he)(he)(he)珠海(hai)(hai)等15個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的達(da)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例在80%～100%之間，重慶、寧波和(he)(he)(he)(he)秦皇島等13個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)達(da)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例在50%～80%之間，保定、邯鄲和(he)(he)(he)(he)濟南等39個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)達(da)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例不足50%。超(chao)標天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)以PM2.5為首要污染物的天(tian)(tian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)最(zui)多，其(qi)(qi)次是(shi)PM10。

按照(zhao)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)環境空氣(qi)質量綜合指(zhi)數評價，12月空氣(qi)質量相(xiang)對(dui)較差的(de)后(hou)10位(wei)(從第(di)74名到第(di)65名)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)分別(bie)是(shi)保定(ding)、邢臺、衡水、邯鄲(dan)、石家莊、廊坊、濟南、鄭州(zhou)、唐山(shan)和哈爾濱;空氣(qi)質量相(xiang)對(dui)較好的(de)前10位(wei)(從第(di)1名到第(di)10名)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)分別(bie)是(shi)海口(kou)、惠(hui)州(zhou)、廈門(men)、福州(zhou)、深圳、昆明、肇慶、東(dong)莞、貴陽和江(jiang)門(men)。

12月(yue)，我(wo)國北方地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)全(quan)部(bu)進入采暖(nuan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，受采暖(nuan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)物排放量(liang)大和不利氣(qi)象條件影響，我(wo)國除(chu)華南地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)外(wai)，均出現(xian)(xian)(xian)了重污染(ran)(ran)(ran)天氣(qi)。其中(zhong)(zhong)京(jing)(jing)津(jin)冀及(ji)(ji)周邊(bian)(bian)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)污染(ran)(ran)(ran)程(cheng)度(du)最重、持續時(shi)間最長，12月(yue)該區(qu)(qu)(qu)域先(xian)后出現(xian)(xian)(xian)5次明顯重污染(ran)(ran)(ran)過(guo)程(cheng)，保定、衡水市(shi)(shi)一(yi)度(du)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)連續8天的重度(du)及(ji)(ji)以上污染(ran)(ran)(ran)天氣(qi)。與(yu)2014年同期(qi)(qi)(qi)相比，京(jing)(jing)津(jin)冀區(qu)(qu)(qu)域13個(ge)城市(shi)(shi)PM2.5月(yue)均濃度(du)全(quan)部(bu)升(sheng)高(gao)，其中(zhong)(zhong)北京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)同比升(sheng)高(gao)166.7%;京(jing)(jing)津(jin)冀周邊(bian)(bian)的太原(yuan)、呼和浩特(te)、濟(ji)南和鄭州市(shi)(shi)PM2.5月(yue)均濃度(du)同比分(fen)別上升(sheng)了15.6%、41.7%、92.8%和49.5%。

京津冀區(qu)域13個城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)空氣質(zhi)量達標(biao)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)例在(zai)12.9%～80.6%之(zhi)(zhi)間，平(ping)均為34.9%。其中，張家口市(shi)(shi)達標(biao)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)例為80.6%，秦皇島、承(cheng)德2個城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)達標(biao)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)例在(zai)50%～80%之(zhi)(zhi)間，保(bao)定(ding)、邯鄲、衡水等10個城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)達標(biao)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)比(bi)例不足50%。超標(biao)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)中以(yi)PM2.5為首要(yao)污(wu)染物的(de)(de)天數(shu)(shu)(shu)最多，其次是PM10。

北京(jing)市達標天(tian)數(shu)(shu)比例為(wei)35.5%，超標天(tian)數(shu)(shu)中(zhong)首要污(wu)(wu)染物均為(wei)PM2.5，其中(zhong)重度(du)污(wu)(wu)染7天(tian)，嚴(yan)重污(wu)(wu)染6天(tian)，重度(du)及以上污(wu)(wu)染天(tian)數(shu)(shu)同比增加11天(tian)。

長三(san)角區域(yu)25個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)空氣(qi)質量達(da)標(biao)(biao)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)例在(zai)29.0%～93.5%之(zhi)(zhi)間，平均為54.2%。其(qi)中(zhong)，溫(wen)州(zhou)、臺州(zhou)、衢(qu)州(zhou)、麗水和(he)(he)舟山等5個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)達(da)標(biao)(biao)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)例在(zai)為80%～93.5%之(zhi)(zhi)間，寧(ning)波、嘉興和(he)(he)湖州(zhou)等7個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)達(da)標(biao)(biao)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)例在(zai)50%～80%之(zhi)(zhi)間，徐州(zhou)、無(wu)錫和(he)(he)宿遷等13個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)達(da)標(biao)(biao)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)比(bi)(bi)例不足50%。超(chao)標(biao)(biao)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)中(zhong)以PM2.5為首(shou)要污染(ran)物的(de)天(tian)數(shu)(shu)最多，其(qi)次是PM10。

珠三角區域9個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)空氣質量達(da)(da)標(biao)天(tian)數(shu)比(bi)例(li)在83.9%～100%之間，平均為(wei)95.0%。其中，惠州、江門(men)和深圳3個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)達(da)(da)標(biao)天(tian)數(shu)比(bi)例(li)為(wei)100%，東莞(guan)、中山(shan)和珠海等6個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)達(da)(da)標(biao)天(tian)數(shu)比(bi)例(li)在為(wei)80%～100%之間。超標(biao)天(tian)數(shu)中以PM2.5為(wei)首要污染物的(de)天(tian)數(shu)最多(duo)，其次是NO2。

羅毅說(shuo)，總體(ti)來看，受(shou)大(da)范圍空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)重(zhong)污染(ran)過程影響，12月74個城(cheng)市環(huan)(huan)境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)總體(ti)狀況同比(bi)、環(huan)(huan)比(bi)均(jun)轉(zhuan)差(cha)，PM10、PM2.5和NO2濃度(du)同比(bi)、環(huan)(huan)比(bi)均(jun)有(you)所上升，SO2濃度(du)同比(bi)有(you)所下降，環(huan)(huan)比(bi)有(you)所上升。三(san)個重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)中，僅珠三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)明顯(xian)好轉(zhuan)，京(jing)津(jin)冀(ji)、長三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)均(jun)明顯(xian)下降，主要污染(ran)物PM2.5的月均(jun)濃度(du)較去年(nian)同期明顯(xian)升高。特別是京(jing)津(jin)冀(ji)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)在逆溫、濕度(du)大(da)、風速小(xiao)等不(bu)利(li)氣(qi)象條件下，受(shou)冬(dong)季燃煤污染(ran)尤其是農村、城(cheng)郊地區(qu)(qu)(qu)散煤燃燒排(pai)放量(liang)大(da)的影響，月均(jun)PM2.5濃度(du)同比(bi)及(ji)環(huan)(huan)比(bi)均(jun)明顯(xian)升高。（來源：北(bei)極星節能環(huan)(huan)保網）